President Donald Trump has approved a major agreement with Saudi Arabia that could grant the kingdom uranium enrichment capability as part of a civilian nuclear program, according to sources familiar with the discussions.

The pact, expected to be announced publicly as early as Wednesday, would run for 30 years and involve American companies in developing Saudi Arabia’s nuclear infrastructure. It may also include the construction of a uranium enrichment facility following a joint U.S.-Saudi study.

Both Trump and the previous Biden administration had pursued nuclear cooperation deals with Riyadh to share U.S. technology. The current agreement comes amid heightened regional tensions with Iran, whose own nuclear program remains a major concern for the United States and its allies, particularly Israel.

Nonproliferation experts have raised alarms, noting that enrichment technology could potentially open the door to a weapons program. Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman has previously suggested the kingdom might pursue nuclear weapons if Iran successfully develops an atomic bomb.

The deal contrasts with the United Arab Emirates’ earlier “123 agreement” with the U.S., which allowed nuclear power development without domestic enrichment — a model many experts consider the gold standard for civilian programs.

This move reflects the Trump administration’s pragmatic approach to Middle East alliances: strengthening partnerships with key Sunni Arab states while maintaining maximum pressure on Iran. Supporters argue that close cooperation with Saudi Arabia, paired with strict safeguards, can counter Tehran’s ambitions more effectively than isolation.

The agreement is likely to spark intense debate in Washington and Jerusalem regarding proliferation risks versus the strategic benefits of deeper U.S.-Saudi ties in a volatile region.